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TAUX ET LOIS SUR LES MARIAGES D'ENFANTS.

Les lois qui protègent les enfants contre le mariage précoce sont différentes dans chaque pays. Dans de nombreux pays, même si une loi interdit le mariage précoce, une autre peut autoriser des exceptions. Il est donc très difficile pour les enfants de comprendre leurs droits et de mettre en œuvre des mesures de protection efficaces.

 

Dans la grille ci-dessous, nous avons fourni des informations sur les lois relatives au mariage des enfants dans les pays où le taux de mariage des enfants est le plus élevé. La liste est classée par ordre alphabétique par pays. Veuillez donc passer à la ou aux pages suivantes si vous ne voyez pas votre pays dans la liste ci-dessous.

 

Les informations fournies comprennent :

  • les taux de mariage d'enfants pour les filles et pour les garçons (et la source et l'année de ces données)

  • les lois relatives au mariage des enfants dans le pays

  • toute exception aux lois

  • l'âge légal du mariage dans chaque pays

  • l'âge auquel les exceptions à la loi permettent en pratique aux enfants de se marier

  • toute loi qui empêche ou permet aux filles mariées ou enceintes de rester à l'école

  • contexte du pays qui pourrait rendre le mariage des enfants plus répandu, par exemple s’il est ou non affecté par un conflit ou par les conséquences d’une catastrophe climatique.

 

Vous devrez peut-être faire défiler horizontalement pour trouver toutes les informations sur un pays.

TAUX ET LOIS SUR LE MARIAGE D'ENFANTS

Sources:

  • Taux de mariage d'enfants : UNICEF (sources nationales identifiées dans le tableau)

  • Lois sur le mariage des enfants, exceptions, mariage culturel/traditionnel et lois sur l'éducation des filles enceintes/mariées : Atlas des mariages d'enfants de Girls Not Brides, UNESCO HerAtlas, sites Web des gouvernements nationaux

  • États touchés par des conflits : Banque mondiale

  • Vulnérabilité climatique : Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative

Countries
Girls Married by 15 (%)
Girls Married by 18 (%)
Year of Data (girls)
Data Source (girls)
Boys Married by 18 (%)
Year of Data (boys)
Data source (boys)
Law(s) about Child Marriage
Year of Law
Legal Age of Marriage: girls
Legal Age of Marriage: boys
Age in practice (based on exceptions to the law)
What Exceptions Apply to the Laws on Child Marriage?
Is there a tradition or custom of child marriage?
Can married and pregnant girls go to school?
Is the country a fragile or conflict-affected state?
Is it one of the 50 most climate- vulnerable states?
Afghanistan
10
29
2022-23
MICS 2022-23
7
2015
DHS 2015
No minimum age
No minimum age
No minimum age
A variety of contradictory laws have existed in Afghanistan since 1977, including differential laws for Sunni Muslims and Shiite Muslims. However, under the current regime, a decree on women's rights has been issued whch says that women should not be married without their consent, but no minimum age for marriage is specified.
Yes
Unclear
Yes
Yes
Angola
8
30
2015-16
DHS 2015-16
6
2015-16
DHS 2015-16
Family Code
1988
18
18
15 (girls), 16 (boys)
Boys can marry at 16 and girls can marry at 15 in exceptional cases where it is in the interest of the minors.
No
No explicit law protects the right to education for married and pregnant girls.
Yes
Bangladesh
17
51
2022
DHS 2022
4
2011
DHS 2011
Child Marriage Restraint Act
2017
18
21
No minimum age
The Child Marriage Restraint Act allows for 'special cases'. In addition, Bangladeshi child sexual abuse laws have gaps, and sex with a child aged 13 or older in a marriage is not classified as rape.
Yes, but all marriages have to be legally registered.
No explicit law protects the right to education for married and pregnant girls.
Yes
Barbados
8
29
2012
MICS 2012
#N/A
18
18
16
Children aged 16 and 17 can be married with parental consent.
Yes: this takes the form of 'visiting unions' or 'visiting relationships' where the couple do not live together full time.
No explicit law protects the right to education for married and pregnant girls.
Belize
6
34
2015-16
MICS 2015-16
22
2015-16
MICS 2015-16
Belize Marriage Act
2011
18
18
16
16 year olds can be married with parental or judicial consent
No
No explicit law protects the right to education for married and pregnant girls.
Benin
6
28
2021-22
MICS 2021-22
5
2021-22
MICS 2021-22
Children's Code, Family Code
2015, 2004
18
18
No minimum age
Marriage below the age of 18 is possible with the consent of the person holding parental authority, with no minimum age requirement. A judicial exception is also provided for, again with no minimum age requirement.
Yes
The Children´s Code contains a provision concerning the continuation of education for pregnant girls and young mothers, but puts the obligation of the continuation of the young mothers’ education on the male responsible for the pregnancy.
Yes
Bhutan
6
26
2010
MICS 2010
#N/A
Marriage Act, Child Care and Protection Act
1996/2017, 2011
18
18
18
The legal age of marriage is set at 18 in Bhutan, and the Child Care and Protection Act identifies child marriage as a form of sexual abuse.
Yes: interfamilial marriage (between cousins and in-laws), but no legal exemptions on minimum age are made for this.
No explicit law protects the right to education for married and pregnant girls.
Yes
Brazil
6
26
2006
PNDS 2006
#N/A
Civil Code
2002
18
18
16
Children can marry from the age of 16 with parental consent. Prior to 2019, Brazil allowed marriage below the age of 16 in the case of pregnancy or to avoid a criminal sentence for statutory rape.
No
No explicit law protects the right to education for married and pregnant girls.
Burkina Faso
9
51
2015
EMDS 2015
2
2015
EMDS 2015
Code des Personnes et de la Famille
1989
17
20
15 for girls, 18 for boys
Civil courts can authorise marriages using the lower age limits. In 2018, the revised Penal Code penalises all forms of child marriage, but without raising the minimum ages.
Yes
This is unclear due to contradictions. For example, while one article explicitly states that pregnant students cannot be excluded from private and public schools, there are different rules for boarding schools, and after childbirth.
Yes
Yes
Cameroon
11
30
2018
DHS 2018
3
2018
DHS 2018
Penal Code, Civil Code
2016, 1951
15
18
No minimum age
The Penal Code punishes marriage below the age of 18, but this conflicts with the Civil Code, which allows marriage of girls aged 15 and boys at 18 and which allows exemption by the President.
Yes
A government circular ended a ban on pregnant girls attending school, and allows pregnant girls to stay in school until the 26th week of pregnancy, and to return after childbirth.
Yes
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